The U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved OTC Narcan nasal spray last month to be sold without a prescription

Conditioned open-label placebo had no impact on the 90-day methadone dose, but did improve sleep quality

Increases also seen for coprescribing with opioids

However, fewer than one in 20 individuals receive buprenorphine

Significant associations seen for suicide deaths with opioid prescriptions per capita, having any, high-dose, long-term opioid prescription

Rates of precipitated withdrawal are less than 1 percent

Car crash fatalities up in these states, but opioid overdose deaths down

The spray can already be obtained without a prescription, but currently buyers must get it from a pharmacist

Furthermore, risk for fatal drug overdose lower with receipt of medications for opioid use disorder from opioid treatment programs

Highest odds of opioid overdose seen when both the individual and another household member had opioid fills in previous six months