Findings seen for amphetamine/dextroamphetamine and methylphenidate exposure

Exposure during pregnancy, especially during the second trimester, is linked to later problems

Buprenorphine associated with lower risk for malformations, cardiac malformations, oral clefts, and clubfoot

Bidirectional association more pronounced among women without psychiatric comorbidities, strongest for multiple sclerosis

Risk highest during the first year after diagnosis and for deaths due to suicide

Women in second and third versus first tertile of psychological stress have higher probabilities of having abnormal glucose during pregnancy

Increased risk seen in association with benzodiazepines ranging from odds ratios of 1.39 to 2.52 for alprazolam and fludiazepam

More than four in 10 had elevated scores on depression, anxiety, and/or stress

Perinatal factors associated with Child Behavior Checklist emotional, cognitive, and behavioral dysregulation

Exposure tied to delay in gross motor, fine motor, and personal-social development